Guide: Learn map and compass for safe hiking

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Being able to read a map and use a compass is both a reassurance and a way to get more out of the mountain experience. Weather in the mountains can change quickly, and coverage or batteries are not always sufficient. With a map and compass, you're always in control.

Why you should know your map and compass

Although many people now use GPS, a map and compass are invaluable tools when hiking in the mountains. Fog, snowfall or low battery can make digital navigation difficult - but with basic knowledge you can always find your way.


It's also a fun way to get together with friends or family to discuss route choices, find landmarks and experience the mountains in a new way.

How to read a mountain map

  • Learn the symbols: The map has a symbol explanation - practice recognizing the most common signs.
  • North is up: The top of the map is always facing north.
  • Scale matters: a map at 1:50 000 scale means that 1 cm corresponds to 500 meters in real life. The lower the number, the more detailed the map.
  • Finding landmarks: Roads, power lines, waterways and buildings make it easier to locate yourself.
  • Contour lines: Show differences in altitude in the terrain. The denser the lines, the steeper.
Buy our hiking map here

How to use a compass

The most common compass for hiking is the orienteering compass. It consists of a rotating compass housing with a protractor and a needle pointing north. Here's how you do it:

  1. Put the compass on the map between where you are and where you are going.
  2. Turn the compass housing so that the north mark is in line with the map's north.
  3. Pick up the compass and turn yourself until the compass needle points north.
  4. Follow the course arrow - the compass now shows you the direction to go.
  5. Choose a landmark in nature and walk there. Take new landmarks along the way.

Tip: Keep the compass away from magnetic objects and power lines, which can affect the direction of the needle.


Handy mountain compass with carabiner 


Our small but reliable metal carabiner compass will help you find your way on the mountain - perfect for attaching to your backpack or jacket.

buy it here

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